La Generación de la Llave. Una aproximación multidimensional a la conciliación de la vida laboral y familiar.

Partiendo de la base de que la conciliación es un aspecto fundamental en el bienestar de las familias españolas, este proyecto de investigación cualitativa se centra en analizar la situación de la denominada “Generación de la Llave”, es decir, aquellos niños, niñas y adolescentes que, ante las dificultades para conciliar la vida laboral y familiar de sus cuidadores, pasan largas jornadas solos y solas sin nadie que pueda acompañarles, encontrándose así en una situación de riesgo. En este contexto, el estudio pretende dar a conocer qué repercusión psicosocial puede tener tal experiencia para los/as menores, qué políticas públicas existen para intentar dar respuesta a su situación y cuáles son los motivos familiares que llevan a los padres, madres y/o cuidadores a tener que hacer entrega de la llave del hogar a estos niños, niñas y adolescentes.Based on the consideration that the conciliation is an essential aspect in the ell-being of Spanish families, this qualitative research project is focused on analysing the situation of the called “Key Generation”, that is to say, those children, girls and teenagers who, because of the difficulties to harmonize the labour and familiar life of their keepers, are spending long days alone without anyone who could accompany them, being like that in a situation of risk. In this context, the research is trying to make known the psychosocial repercussion that this experience may have on them, what public policies exist trying to give response to this situation and which are the familiar reasons that take the parents, mothers and/or keepers to having to do delivery of the home’s key to these children, girls and teenagers

A L’EMBOLIC, un documental sobre Intramurs

Treball Final de Grau en Comunicació Audiovisual. Codi: CA0932. Curs acadèmic: 2016-2017A L’EMBOLIC, un documental sobre Intramurs es un corto documental realizado por tres alumnas de 4º de Comunicación Audiovisual de la Universidad Jaume I de Castellón como Trabajo de Final de Grado. Lo que comenzó como un mero proyecto extracurricular ha terminado por convertirse en un gran producto audiovisual sobre el propio festival, hasta el punto de haberse convertido, a la par, en un Trabajo de Final de Grado. En él se muestran todas las posibilidades artísticas y culturales que Intramurs ofrece, tratando temas que irán desde su nacimiento en 2013 hasta la última edición el pasado mes de octubre de 2016. El documental conjuga una serie de entrevistas a organizadores, artistas y colaboradores con imágenes del festival. Con ello, el documental pretende mostrar al público qué es Intramurs y qué es lo que le hace diferente del resto de festivales, en un contexto en el que resulta interesante ver cómo pueden llegar a confluir tantas y tan dispares disciplinas artísticas en un mismo festival durante 10 días en los que la música, la poesía, las performances, el teatro, los talleres, la pintura y el graffiti se unen para llenar el barrio del Carmen de vida.A L’embolic, a Documentary film about Intramurs is a documentary short film realized by three students of the 4th course of Media Studies of Jaume I University in Castellón as a Final Degree Project. What started as extracurricular project, turned into a huge audiovisual product about the festival itself, and ended up becoming their Final Degree Project. In the documentary, there’s an intention of showing all the artistic and cultural possibilities that Intramurs offers, dealing with topics ranging from its birth in 2013 until the last edition the past October 2016. The project combines a serie of interviews with organizers, artists and collaborators with images of the festival. With this, the documental pretends to show to the public what intramurs is and what is what makes it different artistic disciplines can converge in a single festival during 10 days which music, poetry, performances, theatre, workshops, paint and graffiti unite to fill the Carmen neighborhood of life

Demethanization of aqueous anaerobic effluents using a polydimethylsiloxane membrane module: Mass transfer, fouling and feasibility

The performance, fouling and feasibility of a polydimethylsiloxane hollow fibre membrane module for in situ methane degasification from the effluent of an Expanded Granular Sludge Bed anaerobic reactor has been investigated. Experiments at different operational conditions were carried out (liquid flow, sweep gas flow and vacuum pressure) with maximum removal efficiency (77%) at lowest flow-rate (0.4 L h-1), highest vacuum gauge pressure (-800 mbar) and liquid flowing in lumen side. Mass transport analysis denoted a considerably higher methane transfer than that predicted (attributed to liquid over- saturation). An enhancement factor for liquid phase has been proposed to correlate the experimental results. Long-term experiments were also performed in order to determine the possible influence of fouling on the module performance, and it showed that relatively frequent cleaning with water might be carried out to ensure preservation of the membrane efficiency. Characterization of water quality before and after membrane module was carried out to elucidate fouling causes. Energy balance analysis evidenced that energy production exceeded the system energy requirements. A substantial reduction of CO2 equivalent emissions showed the positive environmental impact of this technology

Survey data on joint cropland management among agri-food cooperatives in Mediterranean Spanish Regions

[EN] This dataset presents data collected from joint cropland management practices survey in agri-food cooperatives of Mediterranean Spanish Regions. The objective was to examine to what extent cooperatives offer joint services, including joint management or integral exploitation of smallholdings, for the incorporation of new professionals. Data collection was conducted to five agri-food organizations: three agri-food cooperatives federations -Castilla-La Mancha, Comunitat Valenciana, and Murcia-, two second-degree agri-food cooperatives -Anecoop and Unió Nuts-, all of them located in Mediterranean Spanish Regions. A total of 1.168 survey questionnaires were distributed between July 2020 and February 2021 across five organizations through the snowball sampling method. Data from 112 collected questionnaires were correctly answered, but 106 were selected for analysis. The dataset includes socioeconomic data, productive information, and innovative characteristics from agri-food cooperatives surveyed, all in order to be able to examine the relationship between those factors and joint cropland management practices they carry on.This work was supported by a grant for the implementation of innovation projects of general interest by operational groups of the European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural productivity and Sustainability (EIP-AGRI), within the 2019 call for submeasure 16. 2 (80% co-financed by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and by the General State Administration of the Government of Spain in 20%), within the National Program for Rural Development 2014-2020 (PNDR).Calafat Marzal, C.; Cervera, FJ.; Piñeiro, V.; Nieto-Alemán, PA. (2022). Survey data on joint cropland management among agri-food cooperatives in Mediterranean Spanish Regions. Data in Brief. 41:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2022.1078851104

Gender diversity in STEM disciplines: a multiple factor problem

Lack of diversity, and specifically, gender diversity, is one of the key problems that both technological companies and academia are facing these days. Moreover, recent studies show that the number of female students enrolled in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) related disciplines have been decreasing in the last twenty years, while the number of women resigning from technological job positions remains unacceptably high. As members of a higher education institution, we foresee that working towards increasing and retaining the number of female students enrolled in STEM disciplines can help to alleviate part of the challenges faced by women in STEM fields. In this paper, we first review the main barriers and challenges that women encounter in their professional STEM careers through different age stages. Next, we focus on the special case of the information theory field, discussing the potential of gendered innovation, and whether it can be applied in the Information Theory case. The working program developed by the School of Engineering at the University of Valencia (ETSE-UV), Spain, which aims at decreasing the gender diversity gap, is then presented and recommendations for practice are given. This program started in 2011 and it encompasses Bachelor, Master and PhD levels. Four main actions are implemented: Providing institutional encouragement and support, increasing the professional support network, promoting and supporting the leadership, and increasing the visibility of female role models. To assess the impact of these actions, a chi-square test of independence is included to evaluate whether there is a significant effect on the percentage of enrolled female students. The percentage of graduated female students in the information and Communications Technology Field is also positioned with respect to other universities and the Spanish reference value. This analysis establishes that, in part, this program has helped to achieve higher female graduation rates, especially among Bachelor students, as well as increasing the number of top-decision positions held by faculty women

Start-Up of Chitosan-Assisted Anaerobic Sludge Bed Reactors Treating Light Oxygenated Solvents under Intermittent Operation

Quality of the granular sludge developed during the start-up of anaerobic up-flow sludge bed reactors is of crucial importance to ensure the process feasibility of treating industrial wastewater such as those containing solvents. In this study, the microbial granule formation from suspended-growth biomass was investigated in two chitosan-assisted reactors. These reactors operated mimicking industrial sites working with night closures treating a mixture of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and 1-ethoxy-2-propanol. Each reactor operated under different hydrodynamic regimes typical from UASB (R1: 90%) accompanied by rapid formation of robust anaerobic granules were achieved at both up-flow velocity levels. After three weeks from the start-up, mean size diameters of 475 µm and 354 µm were achieved for R1 and R2, respectively. The performance of the process was found to be stable for the whole operational period of 106 days treating intermittent OLR up to 13 kg COD m−3 d−1. A memory dose of chitosan at day 42 was beneficial to guarantee good quality of the granules by offsetting the negative impact of intermittent water supply on the granular size. Methanocorpusculum was identified as the dominant archaea at both up-flow velocities. Acetobacterium, Geobacter and Desulfovibrio bacteria were also abundant, demonstrating its role on the degradation of light-oxygenated solvents

Intermittent operation of UASB reactors treating wastewater polluted with organic solvents: process performance and microbial community evaluation

The effect of intermittent feeding on the treatment of wastewater polluted with ethanol, ethyl acetate and 1-ethoxy-2-propanol in anaerobic upflow sludge blanket reactors was investigated. Three laboratory-scale reactors, one periodically supplemented with chitosan, were operated in an intermittent pattern (16 hours per day; 5 days per week) during 5 months. Removal efficiencies higher than 94% were obtained at organic loading rates up to 50 kg COD m−3 d−1. The addition of chitosan positively affected the specific methanogenic activity of the granular sludge. Although partial deterioration of the granules was observed, it was not correlated with variations in the production of extracellular polymeric substances, the percentage of granules remained between 57 and 84%. Microbial community analysis showed the prevalence of bacteria of the genus Geobacter and archaea of the Methanocorpusculum genus were the most abundant methanogens, suggesting that hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, with the syntrophic oxidation of the substrate, was an important pathway for solvent degradation

Utilización de sistemas informáticos para el diseño de estaciones de tratamiento de aguas residuales

[ES] Los sistemas informáticos para el diseño de Estaciones de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales (ETAR) resultan de gran utilidad para la toma de decisiones relacionadas con la gestión de la calidad del agua en el medio natural. En este artículo se presenta el sistema DATAR, desarrollado para el diseño completo y riguroso de una ETAR que cumpla las especificaciones impuestas al vertido. Para ello se han desarrollado modelos matemáticos que describen los procesos que tienen lugar en los distintos elementos de tratamiento considerando los parámetros de calidad demanda biológica de oxígeno a los 5 días (DBO5), demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), sólidos suspendidos (SS), nitrógeno Kjeldhal (NKT) y fósforo total (PT). Se realiza un diseño simultáneo del tratamiento de fangos, considerándose los parámetros sólidos suspendidos volátiles (SSV) y su fracción biodegradable (SSVB) para el diseño riguroso de los sistemas de digestión de fangos. En este artículo se incluye la formulación de los modelos correspondientes a los procesos de tratamiento biológico por fangos activados y digestión aerobia y anaerobia de fangos. El diseño generado por DATAR incluye los aspectos relacionados con las dimensiones y maquinaria de todos los elementos del tratamiento, su disposición en planta y alzado así como las necesidades de potencia instalada y consumo de energía.Ferrer, J.; Gabaldón, C.; Seco, A.; Marzal, P. (1994). Utilización de sistemas informáticos para el diseño de estaciones de tratamiento de aguas residuales. Ingeniería del Agua. 1(4):15-32. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.1994.2647SWORD153214Bidstrup S.M. y C.P. Grady (1988). SSSP-Simulation of Single Sludge Processes, Journal Water Pollution Control Federation. 60, 3, pp 351-361.Chen G.K., L.T. Fan y L.E. Erickson (1972). Computer Software for Wastewaer Treatment Plant Design, Journal Water Pollution Control Federation, 44, 5, pp 746-762.Crabtree H.E. y M.R. Rowell (1993). Standardization of Small Wastewater Treatment Plants for Rapid Design and Implementation, Water Science and Technology, 28, 10, pp 17-24.Dupont R. y M. Henze (1992). Modeling of the Secondary Clarifier Combined with the Activated Sludge Model N° 1, Water Science and Technology., 25, 6, pp 285-300.Eilers R.G., R. Smith, S.P. Graef y J.W. Male (1978). Short Course Proceedings. Applications of Computer Programs in the Preliminary Design. EPA-600, NITS-PB289497.Environment Canada (1974). Workshop on Computer Aided Design and Simulation of Waste Treatment Systems. Report n° EPS 6-WP-74-1.Gasso S., J.M. Baldasano y F. Gutierrez (1988). SIMTAR: Systeme CAO pour les Usines de Traitement d'Eaux Residuelles, Recent Progres en Genie des Procedes, 2, 6, pp 69-73.Gasso S. (1989). Desarrollo de un Sistema CAD/CAE para Plantas de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales, Tesis Doctoral, Departament de Projects d'Enginy eria, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya.Getty B., A.D. Koussis y F.L. Parker (1987). CAD Comparisons for Wastewater Treatment Facilities, Environmental Technology Letters. 8, 9, pp 405-418.Griffiths P. (1994). Modifications to the IA WPRC Task Group General Acivated Sludge Model, Water Research, 28, 3, pp 657-664.IAWPRC Task Group on Mathematical Modeling for Design and Operation of Biológical Wastewater Treatment (1986). Final Report: Activated Sludge Model. IAWPRC Scientific and Technical Reports N°1.James A. (1984). An introduction to Water Quality Modelling, John Wiley & Sons, 234 p.Kao J.J., E.D. Brill, J.T. Pfeffery J.J. Geselbracht (1993). Computer Based Environment for Wastewater Treatment Plant Design, Journal of Environmental Engineering (ASCE), 119, 5, pp 931-945.Keinath T.M. y M. Wanielista (1975). Mathematical Modeling for Water Pollution Control Processes, Ann Arbor Science, 446 p.Liaw S.L. y S.Y. Chang (1986). Use of Microcomputers in the Preliminary Design of Wastewater Systems, Environmental Software. 2, 1, pp 13-18.Morley D.A. (1979). Mathematical Modelling in Water and Wastewater Treatment, Applied Science Publishers, 366 p.Oles J. y P.A. Wilderer (1991). Computer Aided Design of Sequencing Batch Reactors Based on the IA WPRC Activated Sludge Model, Water Science and Technology, 23, 4-6, pp 1087-1095.Padukone N. y G.F. Andrews (1989). A Simple Conceptual Mathematical Model for the Activated Sludge Process and its Variants, Water Research, 23, 12, pp 1535-1543.Pineau M., P. Cote y J.P. Villenueve (1985). Estimation of Wastewater Treatment Cost: Evaluation of the CAPDET Model for Canadian Conditions, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 12, pp 483-493.Pons M.N., O. Potier, N. Roche, F. Colin y C. Prost (1993). Simulation of Municipal Waste-Water Treatment Plants by Activated Sludge, Computers & Chemical Engineering, 17, S, pp S227-S232.Ramalho R.S. (1990). Tratamiento de las Aguas Residuales, Ed. Reverte, 580 p.Rossman L.A. (1979). Computer Aided Synthesis of Wastewater Treatment and Sludge Disposal Systems, Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, 162 p.Rossman L.A. (1980). EXEC/op Reference Manual. Version 1.2. Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory. Environmental Protection Agency.Shoemaker T.E. y W.A. Barkley (1977). Interactive Computer Design of Wastewater Plants, Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division (ASCE), 103, EE5, pp 919-934.Sheintuch M. (1993). Multiplicity Patterns of Activated Sludge with Substrate Inhibition Kinetics, Water Research. 27, 5, pp 929-938.Smith R. y R.G. Eilers (1968). Executive Digital Computer Program for Preliminary Design of Wastewater Treatment Systems, Water Pollution Control Series. WP-20-14, NTIS-PB 222765.Spinos M. y D. Marinoskouris (1992). Integrated Computer Aided Process Design of Wastewater Treatment Plants on a PC System, Water Science and Technology, 25, 1, pp 107-112.Stokes L., I. Takacs, B. Watsons y J.B. Watts (1993). Dynamic Modelling of Activated Sludge Plants. A Case Study, Water Science and Technology, 28, 11-12, pp 151-161.Tyteca D., Y. Sweers y E.J. Nyns (1977). Mathematical Modeling and Economic Optimization of Wastewater Treatment Plants, CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control, 8, 1, 89p

Towards breaking the Gender Gap in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

The gender gap in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) has drawn the attention of research and academic communities due to its impact in the Digital Society, targeting the fourth and fifth 2030 sustainable development goals of achieving quality education and gender equality. Recent studies show that women are enrolling STEM studies in smaller proportion than men and that they have a larger probability to renounce to their jobs or to take leaves. In this scenario, the involvement of educational institutions is seminal to change this trend. The School of Engineering of the University of Valencia (ETSE-UV), Spain, launched in 2011 a pilot program to promote STEM careers, focusing on increasing and retaining the number of female students choosing these studies. Building from this experience, the Girls4STEM project has been launched in 2019 with the aim of reaching female students from 6 to 18 years old, their families and teachers. In this paper, we present and motivate the project's objectives and main activities, framing them in current state of the art's literature. Preliminary results of the pilot program actions are presented, demonstrating the statistically significant impact on the percentage of enrolled female students and motivating the subsequent Girls4STEM project

Performance and feasibility of biotrickling filtration in the control of styrene industrial air emissions

The performance and feasibility of a pilot unit of biotrickling filter (BTF) for the treatment of industrial emissions polluted by styrene was investigated for one year at a fiber reinforced plastic industrial site. The pilot unit was packed with a structured material with a volume of 0.6 m3. Monitoring results have shown successful treatment of the industrial styrene emissions working at empty bed residence times (EBRT) between 31 and 66 s. The best performance was obtained after 300 days when a more stable biofilm had been developed, obtaining the highest elimination capacity of 18.8 g m−3 h−1 (removal efficiency of 75.6%) working at 31 s of EBRT. In addition, a photocatalytic reactor was evaluated as pretreatment of the biological process, but results have shown very low capacity for improving the BTF performance due to catalyst deactivation. The economic feasibility of the BTF was evaluated. The total direct cost, excluding capital recovery, of the biotrickling filter technology was estimated in 0.71 year−1 per Nm3 h−1 of treated air whereas 2.27 year−1 per Nm3 h−1 was obtained for the regenerative catalytic oxidizer equipped with a zeolite pre-concentrator. Results show that this technology is economically and environmentally competitive in comparison with thermal treatment